leksikut

Leksiku, or lexicon, denotes the collection of words and fixed expressions that constitute a language’s vocabulary. In linguistics, it can refer to both the mental repository of lexical items stored in a speaker’s memory and a published listing of words used for reference. The concept encompasses the inventory of forms, meanings, and grammatical information associated with words.

The term derives from Greek lexis, meaning speech or word, and appears in Albanian as leksiku in its definite form. In practice, a lexicon is broader than a single dictionary entry file: it is the structured set of linguistic units that underpins language use, processing, and study. In computational linguistics and natural language processing, a lexicon is a machine-readable database that encodes lexical entries with metadata such as lemmas, parts of speech, morphology, and semantic features.

Types of leksiku include general language lexicons, domain-specific lexicons (for fields like medicine or law), and bilingual or multilingual lexicons that map terms across languages. Computational and lexical databases may also incorporate frequency information, collocations, semantic relations, and pronunciation guides to support parsing, translation, and text generation.

Contents typically found in a lexicon entry include the lemma (canonical form), inflected forms, part of speech, sense distinctions, synonyms and antonyms, collocations, pronunciation, and usage notes. Leksiku plays a central role in lexicography, language teaching, linguistic research, and computational applications, where it provides a scalable, structured representation of a language’s vocabulary.