lasielektrodiä

Lasielektrodiä refers to a glass electrode, a type of ion-selective electrode. It is primarily used for measuring the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution, which directly determines the pH. The fundamental principle of its operation involves a thin glass membrane that is selectively permeable to certain ions, in this case, hydrogen ions.

When the glass electrode is immersed in an aqueous solution, a hydrated layer forms on the surface of the glass membrane. A potential difference develops across this membrane due to the difference in hydrogen ion activity between the inner filling solution of the electrode and the external sample solution. This potential difference is proportional to the logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration, as described by the Nernst equation.

A complete pH measurement system typically includes a glass electrode and a reference electrode. The reference electrode provides a stable, constant potential against which the potential of the glass electrode is measured. Common reference electrodes include the calomel electrode and the silver/silver chloride electrode. The potential difference between these two electrodes is then measured using a high-impedance voltmeter or pH meter.

The glass electrode is a crucial tool in various scientific and industrial applications, including chemical analysis, environmental monitoring, biological research, and water quality control. Its sensitivity and accuracy make it indispensable for determining the acidity or alkalinity of solutions. Regular calibration with buffer solutions of known pH is essential to ensure accurate readings.