kõrgharidussüsteem

The Estonian higher education system, known as the kõrgharidussüsteem, is a well-established network of public and private institutions offering tertiary education. It comprises universities, university colleges, and professional higher education institutions. The system is overseen by the Ministry of Education and Research, which sets national policies and standards. Estonian higher education is structured according to the Bologna Process, featuring three cycles: Bachelor's, Master's, and Doctoral degrees.

Admission to higher education institutions is competitive, with criteria typically including matriculation examination results and entrance exams. Tuition fees exist, particularly for Master's and Doctoral programs, and for students exceeding certain study duration limits in Bachelor's programs, although some Bachelor's programs are tuition-free for Estonian citizens and EU/EEA residents. Scholarships and student loans are available to support students financially.

Degrees awarded are widely recognized internationally, facilitating mobility for graduates. The system emphasizes research and development, with universities playing a crucial role in innovation and economic growth. English-taught programs are increasingly offered, particularly at the Master's and Doctoral levels, attracting a growing number of international students. The quality of higher education is assured through accreditation processes managed by the Estonian Quality Agency for Higher and Vocational Education (EKKA).