kompassnål

The term "kompassnål" is Swedish and directly translates to "compass needle" in English. It refers to the magnetized pointer within a compass that aligns itself with the Earth's magnetic field, indicating the direction of magnetic north. This needle is typically mounted on a pivot to allow for free rotation.

The fundamental principle behind a compass needle's operation is magnetism. The Earth itself acts like a giant magnet, possessing a magnetic field that emanates from its core. A compass needle, being a small, lightweight magnet, is attracted to the Earth's magnetic poles. While it points towards magnetic north, it's important to note that this is not precisely the same as true geographic north. The difference between these two is called magnetic declination, which varies depending on location and changes over time.

Compass needles have been instrumental in navigation for centuries, allowing explorers, sailors, and travelers to determine direction and chart courses. Modern compasses, while often incorporating more advanced features, still rely on the basic principle of a freely rotating, magnetized needle. The design and materials used for the needle have evolved to improve accuracy and durability, but its core function remains the same.