kommutátor

A commutator is a device used in DC electric motors and generators to reverse the direction of the electric current in the armature coil. It consists of a series of commutator bars, insulated from each other, which are connected to the armature windings. Brushes, typically made of carbon, press against these commutator bars, making electrical contact. As the armature rotates, the brushes sequentially switch contact from one commutator bar to the next. This switching action ensures that the current in the armature coils is always flowing in a direction that produces torque to maintain rotation in a motor, or generates current in the desired direction in a generator. The design and number of commutator bars and brushes are critical for the efficient and smooth operation of DC machines. The commutator is a fundamental component that allows for the conversion of electrical energy to mechanical energy and vice versa in direct current systems. Without it, DC motors would not be able to produce continuous rotation, and DC generators would not be able to output direct current.