kokonaiskalsiumin

Kokonaiskalsiumin refers to the total amount of calcium present in a biological sample, such as blood, urine, or tissue. This measurement includes both the calcium that is bound to proteins and other molecules, as well as the free, ionized calcium. In clinical settings, measuring total calcium is a common practice to assess a patient's calcium status and identify potential imbalances.

The level of total calcium in the blood is tightly regulated by several hormones, including parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitonin, and vitamin D. These hormones work together to maintain calcium homeostasis, which is crucial for various bodily functions. These functions include bone health, muscle contraction, nerve signal transmission, and blood clotting.

Abnormal levels of total calcium, known as hypercalcemia (high calcium) or hypocalcemia (low calcium), can indicate underlying medical conditions. Hypercalcemia may be caused by hyperparathyroidism, certain cancers, or excessive vitamin D intake. Hypocalcemia can result from hypoparathyroidism, kidney disease, or vitamin D deficiency.

Interpreting total calcium levels requires considering other factors, such as albumin levels, as albumin is the primary protein that binds calcium in the blood. If albumin levels are unusually high or low, the total calcium measurement may need to be adjusted to reflect the true ionized calcium concentration. Therefore, a comprehensive assessment by a healthcare professional is essential for accurate diagnosis and treatment.