klavulanat

Clavulanate is a potent beta-lactamase inhibitor. It is often used in combination with certain penicillin-class antibiotics, such as amoxicillin. This combination therapy is effective against bacteria that have developed resistance to antibiotics through the production of beta-lactamase enzymes. These enzymes can break down the beta-lactam ring, which is essential for the activity of many antibiotics. By inhibiting these enzymes, clavulanate allows the accompanying antibiotic to remain active and kill the bacteria.

The primary mechanism of action for clavulanate is its ability to bind irreversibly to beta-lactamase enzymes. This binding effectively deactivates the enzyme, preventing it from hydrolyzing the antibiotic. Clavulanate itself has weak antibacterial activity on its own. Its significance lies in its synergistic effect when administered with a beta-lactam antibiotic. This strategy has been crucial in overcoming bacterial resistance and expanding the therapeutic utility of penicillin-based drugs.

Clavulanate is typically administered orally. It is absorbed well from the gastrointestinal tract. The combination of amoxicillin and clavulanate is widely prescribed for a variety of bacterial infections, including respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, and others caused by susceptible organisms. The development of clavulanate represented a significant advancement in the fight against antibiotic resistance.