klórmetán

Klórmetán, also known as methyl chloride, is an organochlorine compound with the chemical formula CH3Cl. It is a colorless gas at room temperature and pressure, with a faintly sweet odor. Klórmetán is highly flammable and can form explosive mixtures with air. It is produced industrially by the reaction of methanol with hydrogen chloride or by the chlorination of methane.

The primary industrial use of klórmetán is as a raw material in the production of silicones. It is also used in the synthesis of other organic chemicals, such as tetraethyllead, a former gasoline additive, and various methylating agents. Historically, klórmetán was used as a refrigerant and as an aerosol propellant, but these applications have largely been phased out due to its toxicity and environmental concerns.

Klórmetán is toxic and can cause damage to the central nervous system, liver, and kidneys. Exposure can occur through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. Symptoms of exposure can include dizziness, nausea, vomiting, tremors, and in severe cases, coma or death. Due to its toxicity, its use is now strictly regulated in most countries. It is also considered an ozone-depleting substance, although its impact is less significant than that of other refrigerants.