keuhkoparenkymästä

Keuhkoparenkyma refers to the functional tissue of the lungs, excluding the supporting structures. It is primarily composed of alveoli, which are tiny air sacs where gas exchange occurs, and the surrounding capillaries. This delicate network is responsible for taking in oxygen from inhaled air and releasing carbon dioxide from the blood. The structure of the parenchyma is highly specialized to maximize the surface area available for diffusion, allowing for efficient respiration.

The bronchioles, small airways that branch from the bronchi, lead to the alveoli within the parenchyma. These airways are lined with smooth muscle and epithelium, helping to regulate airflow. The entire lung parenchyma is enveloped by a thin membrane called the pleura, which reduces friction during breathing. Diseases affecting the keuhkoparenkyma, such as pneumonia, emphysema, and pulmonary fibrosis, can significantly impair lung function and lead to respiratory distress. Imaging techniques like X-rays and CT scans are crucial for visualizing and assessing the condition of the lung parenchyma.