kasvupäätteet

Kasvupäätteet, known in English as growth terminators or apical meristems, are specialized regions of actively dividing plant cells located at the tips of shoots and roots. These meristems are responsible for primary growth in plants, meaning the increase in length. The shoot apical meristem is found at the apex of the stem and produces new leaves and stem tissues, while the root apical meristem is located at the tip of the root and is responsible for root elongation and the absorption of water and nutrients.

The cells within a kasvupääte are undifferentiated and undergo rapid mitosis. As these new cells are produced, some remain in the meristem to maintain its growth potential, while others are pushed away and begin to differentiate into various plant tissues such as epidermis, cortex, and vascular tissues. The continuous activity of these meristems allows plants to grow taller, reach for sunlight, and anchor themselves more firmly in the soil.

The development and activity of kasvupäätteet are regulated by a complex interplay of plant hormones, particularly auxins and cytokinins. Environmental factors such as light, temperature, and nutrient availability also influence their growth. The presence and function of kasvupäätteet are crucial for a plant's survival and its ability to adapt to its surroundings.