kartézní

Kartézní refers to anything related to René Descartes, a prominent 17th-century philosopher and mathematician. His most famous contribution is the Cartesian coordinate system, also known as the rectangular coordinate system. This system uses two perpendicular lines, called axes, to define the position of points in a plane. The horizontal axis is typically called the x-axis, and the vertical axis is the y-axis. Points are represented by ordered pairs (x, y), where the first number indicates the distance along the x-axis and the second number indicates the distance along the y-axis.

The Cartesian coordinate system revolutionized mathematics by providing a way to link algebra and geometry. This connection, known as Cartesian geometry, allowed geometric problems to be solved using algebraic equations and vice versa. Descartes' work also extended to philosophy, where he is famous for the statement "Cogito, ergo sum" (I think, therefore I am), which forms the basis of his philosophy of mind and his approach to knowledge. His methodical doubt and emphasis on clear and distinct ideas significantly influenced modern Western philosophy. The term "kartézní" is therefore a broad descriptor encompassing his mathematical innovations and his philosophical methodology.