kapillärtyper

Kapillærtyper refers to the classification of capillaries, which are the smallest blood vessels in the circulatory system. Their primary function is to facilitate the exchange of substances like oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste products between the blood and the surrounding tissues. Capillaries are not uniform; they exhibit structural variations that are adapted to the specific needs of different organs and tissues.

The main types of capillaries are continuous, fenestrated, and discontinuous (also known as sinusoids). Continuous capillaries are the most common type and are found in muscles, lungs, and the central nervous system. Their walls are made up of a single layer of endothelial cells with tight junctions connecting them, allowing for very selective permeability. Fenestrated capillaries have pores or fenestrations within their endothelial cells, which significantly increase their permeability. These are found in organs where rapid exchange of small molecules is essential, such as the kidneys, intestines, and endocrine glands. Discontinuous capillaries, or sinusoids, have larger gaps between endothelial cells and an incomplete basement membrane. This allows for the passage of larger molecules and even cells, and they are typically found in organs like the liver, spleen, and bone marrow, where extensive exchange and filtration occur. The different structures of these capillary types are crucial for maintaining the specialized functions of various body systems.