kaliumdikromat

Potassium dichromate, known as kaliumdikromat in Swedish, is an inorganic salt with the chemical formula K2Cr2O7. It consists of potassium cations and dichromate(VI) anions. The compound forms orange‑red crystals that are highly soluble in water. In aqueous solution it acts as a strong oxidizing agent; under acidic conditions the dichromate ion is reduced to chromium(III) while oxidizing other substances.

Due to the hexavalent chromium content, potassium dichromate is toxic and a known human carcinogen. Exposure can irritate the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract, and environmental release is a concern. It should be handled with appropriate safety precautions, including protective gloves and eye protection, good ventilation, and proper storage away from reducing agents and organic materials.

Common uses include its role as an oxidizing agent in chemical synthesis, notably for oxidation of primary alcohols to carboxylic acids and secondary alcohols to ketones. It has historically been employed in qualitative inorganic analysis, staining and dyeing processes, and certain photographic and wood-treatment applications, though many of these uses have declined due to safety and regulatory concerns.

Regulatory frameworks in many jurisdictions restrict chromium(VI) compounds and require careful handling, labeling, and disposal as hazardous waste. Environmental and occupational safety guidelines emphasize minimizing exposure and preventing releases to water systems. Potassium dichromate remains an important reference reagent in chemistry, but its use is increasingly replaced by safer alternatives where feasible.