johtumispuutteeseen

Johtumispuutteeseen, also known as conduction defect or conduction disorder, refers to a condition where the electrical impulses in the heart are not conducted normally from one part of the heart to another. This disruption in the normal electrical pathway can affect the heart's rhythm and its ability to pump blood effectively.

The electrical system of the heart is responsible for initiating and coordinating each heartbeat. Normally, an impulse originates in the sinoatrial (SA) node, travels through the atria, then the atrioventricular (AV) node, the bundle of His, bundle branches, and finally the Purkinje fibers, causing the ventricles to contract. A johtumispuutteeseen occurs when there is a blockage or delay at any point along this path.

Causes of conduction defects are varied and can include age-related changes in the heart's electrical system, underlying heart disease such as coronary artery disease or heart failure, or damage from a heart attack. Certain medications, electrolyte imbalances, and congenital heart conditions can also lead to these problems.

Symptoms can range from none at all to noticeable heart palpitations, dizziness, fainting (syncope), and shortness of breath. The severity of symptoms often depends on the type and location of the conduction defect and how significantly it impacts the heart's pumping function.

Diagnosis typically involves an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG), which records the heart's electrical activity. Holter monitoring, which records the ECG over a longer period, and electrophysiology studies may also be used for a more detailed assessment. Treatment strategies depend on the specific type of conduction defect and its severity, and may include medications to regulate heart rate or, in more severe cases, the implantation of a pacemaker to ensure a regular heartbeat.