jogviszonyt

Jogviszonyt is the accusative form of jogviszony, a term used in Hungarian law to denote a legal relationship created by rules of private or public law between two or more subjects. In essence, a jogviszony identifies a set of rights and duties that are recognized and enforceable by the legal system.

A jogviszony has several core elements. The subjects (alanyok) are typically natural persons or legal entities that have the capacity to hold rights and bear obligations. The object or subject of the rights and duties (tárgy) is what the relationship concerns, such as a claim, a service to be performed, or a piece of property. The content (tartalom) consists of concrete rights, obligations, and powers within the relationship, and it can be enforced through legal remedies or court actions.

classifications fall broadly into magánjogi jogviszonyok (private-law relationships) and közjogi jogviszonyok (public-law relationships). Private-law jogviszonyok cover areas such as contractual relationships (szerződéses jogviszonyok), obligations arising from contracts or delicts, and property or family relations. Public-law jogviszonyok involve interactions between individuals or entities and the state, where public authority and public powers are exercised, such as administrative acts and regulatory duties.

A jogviszony keletkezik from various sources, including contracts, statute, or unilateral legal acts, and it may be created or recognized by courts. It terminates upon performance, dissolution of the underlying obligation, expiration, or other events prescribed by law, such as death of a natural person or the dissolution of a legal entity. The concept provides the framework for rights, duties, and the mechanisms by which they are protected and enforced.