ito

Ito, also written with the macron as Itō in Japanese orthography, is a common Japanese surname. The most common kanji representation is 伊藤, though variants exist. Ito ranks among the most common surnames in Japan and appears in personal names, place names, and corporate identifiers. In English-language contexts, it is usually written Ito without diacritics.

In mathematics, Itō refers to Itō calculus, a framework for stochastic analysis developed by the Japanese mathematician Kiyoshi Itō. It includes the Itō integral and Itō's lemma, which enable modeling of systems influenced by random processes such as Brownian motion.

Ito is also the name of a city on the Izu Peninsula in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. The coastal city is known for its hot springs and scenic coastline and serves as a gateway to the attractions of the Izu region. The surname is also encountered in various other place names and cultural references in Japan.