isotópokra

Isotópokra refers to isotopes in Hungarian. Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons. The number of protons in an atom's nucleus determines the element, and this number is called the atomic number. All atoms of a given element have the same atomic number. However, the number of neutrons can vary, leading to different isotopes of that element.

The mass number of an atom is the sum of its protons and neutrons. Therefore, isotopes of the same element will have different mass numbers because they have a different number of neutrons. For example, carbon has three common isotopes: carbon-12, carbon-13, and carbon-14. All these isotopes have 6 protons, but carbon-12 has 6 neutrons, carbon-13 has 7 neutrons, and carbon-14 has 8 neutrons.

The chemical properties of isotopes of an element are very similar because they are primarily determined by the number of electrons, which is equal to the number of protons in a neutral atom. However, their physical properties, such as mass and radioactivity, can differ significantly. Some isotopes are stable, while others are radioactive and undergo radioactive decay. This difference in properties allows for various applications of isotopes in fields like medicine, industry, and scientific research.