ionikromatografialle

Ionikromatografialle, known in English as ion chromatography, is an analytical technique used to separate and quantify ions and polar molecules. It is a type of liquid chromatography that relies on the principle of ion exchange. In ion chromatography, a sample is injected into a column packed with a stationary phase. This stationary phase typically consists of resin beads that are functionalized with charged groups. The mobile phase, a liquid solvent, carries the sample through the column.

The separation of ions occurs based on their charge and affinity for the stationary phase. Ions with opposite charges to those on the stationary phase will bind to it. The mobile phase then elutes these bound ions from the column. Different ions will have different affinities for the stationary phase, leading to their separation as they travel through the column at different rates. A detector at the end of the column measures the separated ions as they elute. Common detectors include conductivity detectors, which measure the change in electrical conductivity of the mobile phase as ions pass through.

Ion chromatography is widely used for analyzing a variety of samples, including water, environmental samples, food products, and biological fluids. It is particularly useful for determining the concentration of anions such as chloride, sulfate, and nitrate, as well as cations like sodium, potassium, and calcium. The technique's sensitivity and ability to handle complex matrices make it a valuable tool in many scientific disciplines.