intenzionális

Intenzionális is a term used in philosophy, particularly in the philosophy of mind and language, to describe the quality of mental states that are directed toward or about something. This "aboutness" or directedness is known as intentionality. For example, the belief that it is raining is intentional because it is a belief *about* the weather. Similarly, the desire for a cup of coffee is intentional because it is a desire *for* coffee.

The concept of intentionality was famously revived and analyzed by philosopher Franz Brentano in the late 19th century. Brentano argued that intentionality is the distinguishing characteristic of all psychic phenomena, setting them apart from physical phenomena. He believed that every mental state, whether it be a perception, a thought, a feeling, or a volition, necessarily refers to an object.

The nature and scope of intentionality have been subjects of extensive debate. Philosophers have explored whether intentionality is a property inherent to mental states or an attribution made by an observer. Questions also arise about how intentionality is achieved, particularly in relation to the mind-body problem. Some philosophers argue that intentionality can be reduced to physical processes, while others maintain it represents a fundamental aspect of consciousness that cannot be fully explained in purely physical terms. The study of intentionality is crucial for understanding consciousness, meaning, and reference.