integrând

Integrând is the gerund form of the Romanian verb a integra (to integrate). It functions as a non-finite verb form that expresses an ongoing or concurrent action, typically linked to the main verb of the sentence. The form is used to indicate how something is accomplished or to describe an accompanying action performed by the same subject.

Morphology and use: The gerund in Romanian is formed by adding the suffix -ând (sometimes with orthographic adjustments) to the verb stem, yielding integrând for a verb like a integra. It can be used adverbially to modify the main clause or to introduce a subordinate idea without a finite verb. Examples include: „Integrând observațiile primite, am revizuit planul” and „El a rezolvat problema, integrând ideile echipei.” In both cases, the subject of the gerund phrase is typically the same as the subject of the main clause.

Nuances and style: The gerund is common in spoken Romanian and in contemporary writing, but in formal or highly structured text it is sometimes preferred to use a subordinate clause introduced by „în timp ce” or a phrase such as „prin integrarea” to avoid ambiguity or stylistic looseness. For example, „În timp ce integrați observațiile, proiectul a fost ajustat” or „Prin integrarea observațiilor, proiectul a fost ajustat” are more explicit in formal contexts.

Relation to related terms: The adjective integrant, meaning essential or component, shares the same root but is a separate grammatical category. It should not be confused with integrând. See also: gerunziu, participiu prezent, a integra, integrare.