imunitara

Imunitara refers to the biological system that protects an organism from disease. It is comprised of a network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to identify and destroy pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. This system also recognizes and neutralizes abnormal cells, like cancer cells.

The immune system has two main branches: the innate immune system and the adaptive immune system. The innate immune system provides a rapid, general defense. It includes physical barriers like skin and mucous membranes, as well as specialized cells like phagocytes that engulf and destroy invaders. The adaptive immune system, on the other hand, is slower to respond but provides a more targeted and specific defense. It involves lymphocytes, such as B cells and T cells, which can recognize specific antigens on pathogens and mount a tailored response. B cells produce antibodies, which mark pathogens for destruction, while T cells can directly kill infected cells or help regulate the immune response.

Immunity can be acquired in two ways: actively or passively. Active immunity is developed when the body encounters a pathogen or is exposed through vaccination, leading to the production of its own antibodies. Passive immunity occurs when antibodies are transferred from one individual to another, such as from a mother to her baby through the placenta or breast milk, or through medical intervention like antibody infusions. A healthy immune system is crucial for survival, and its dysregulation can lead to autoimmune diseases, allergies, and immunodeficiency disorders.