hüdrohalogeerimisel
Hydrohalogenation is a chemical reaction in which a hydrogen halide (HX, where X is a halogen such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine) is added to an alkene or alkyne. This reaction results in the formation of a haloalkane or a dihaloalkane, respectively. The addition of HX typically follows Markovnikov's rule, which states that in the addition of a protic acid HX to an alkene, the hydrogen atom attaches to the carbon atom that already has the greatest number of hydrogen atoms. Conversely, the halogen atom attaches to the carbon atom with fewer hydrogen atoms. This regioselectivity arises from the formation of the more stable carbocation intermediate during the reaction mechanism.
The reaction proceeds via an electrophilic addition mechanism. The pi electrons of the alkene or alkyne attack