hépatotoxique

Hépatotoxique is a term used to describe a substance that can cause damage to the liver. The liver is a vital organ responsible for numerous functions, including detoxification of harmful substances, production of bile, and synthesis of proteins. When the liver is damaged by a hepatotoxic agent, these functions can be impaired.

Hepatotoxicity can result from exposure to a wide range of substances, including certain medications, industrial chemicals, herbal remedies, and alcohol. The mechanism of liver damage varies depending on the specific agent. Some hepatotoxic substances directly kill liver cells, while others trigger an immune response that leads to inflammation and damage. In some cases, the damage can be reversible if the exposure is stopped. However, severe or prolonged exposure can lead to chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, and even liver failure.

Symptoms of hepatotoxicity can range from mild and asymptomatic to severe and life-threatening. Common signs may include jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), fatigue, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and swelling. Diagnosis typically involves blood tests to measure liver enzymes, which are elevated when the liver is injured, as well as imaging studies and sometimes a liver biopsy. Prevention and management focus on identifying and avoiding known hepatotoxic agents and treating any underlying liver conditions.