hypertoniáról

Hypertonia refers to a condition characterized by increased muscle tone. This means the muscles remain in a state of slight, continuous contraction, even when at rest. This can lead to stiffness and resistance to passive movement. Hypertonia can affect various muscle groups and can range in severity from mild to severe. It is often associated with neurological conditions that affect the motor pathways in the brain or spinal cord.

The causes of hypertonia are diverse and can include conditions such as stroke, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injuries, and traumatic brain injuries. The underlying mechanism involves an imbalance in the signals sent from the brain to the muscles, leading to an overactive muscle response. Symptoms can include muscle rigidity, spasms, difficulty with fine motor skills, and impaired gait. In some cases, hypertonia can also cause pain and discomfort.

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination by a medical professional who assesses muscle tone and reflexes. Imaging studies, such as MRI or CT scans, may be used to identify any underlying neurological issues. Treatment for hypertonia focuses on managing symptoms and improving function. This can include physical therapy, occupational therapy, medication to relax muscles, and in some cases, surgical interventions. The goal of treatment is to reduce stiffness, improve range of motion, and enhance the individual's quality of life.