humate

Humate refers to a group of organic compounds derived from decomposed plant and animal matter. These substances are a significant component of humus, the dark, rich organic material found in soil. Humates are characterized by their complex structure and their ability to improve soil structure and fertility. They are formed through a process called humification, where organic materials are broken down by microorganisms over long periods. This process transforms complex molecules into more stable and soluble forms. Key components of humates include humic acid, fulvic acid, and humin. Humic acid is the largest molecule and is insoluble in water, while fulvic acid is smaller and soluble in water. Humin is the largest and most insoluble fraction. These compounds are recognized for their potential to enhance nutrient uptake by plants, improve soil water retention, and stimulate beneficial microbial activity. As such, humates are often used as soil conditioners and fertilizers in agriculture and horticulture. They are typically sourced from deposits of leonardite or lignite coal, which are rich in humic substances.