hjärtstrukturer

hjärtstrukturer refers to the physical components that make up the heart. The primary structure is the heart muscle, the myocardium, which is responsible for the pumping action. The heart is divided into four chambers: the two atria (upper chambers) and the two ventricles (lower chambers). Blood flows from the atria to the ventricles. Valves are crucial hjärtstrukturer that ensure unidirectional blood flow. These include the tricuspid valve between the right atrium and right ventricle, the pulmonary valve between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery, the mitral valve (or bicuspid valve) between the left atrium and left ventricle, and the aortic valve between the left ventricle and the aorta. The pericardium is a protective sac that encloses the heart. Internally, the septum divides the heart into its right and left sides, preventing the mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. The coronary arteries are a network of blood vessels that supply the heart muscle itself with oxygen and nutrients. Understanding these hjärtstrukturer is fundamental to comprehending cardiac function and disease.