hexanediols

Hexanediol is a class of organic compounds with the chemical formula C6H14O2. It is characterized by a six-carbon chain with two hydroxyl (-OH) groups attached. The position of these hydroxyl groups determines the specific isomer of hexanediol. The most common and commercially significant isomer is 1,6-hexanediol, where the hydroxyl groups are located at the terminal ends of the carbon chain. Other isomers include 1,2-hexanediol, 1,3-hexanediol, 1,4-hexanediol, 1,5-hexanediol, 2,3-hexanediol, and 2,4-hexanediol, among others, each differing in the placement of the hydroxyl groups.

1,6-hexanediol is a white, waxy solid at room temperature and is soluble in water and many organic solvents. It is typically produced commercially through the hydrogenation of adipic acid or its esters. Its primary applications are as a monomer in the production of polyurethanes and polyesters, where it contributes to flexibility, toughness, and chemical resistance in the final polymers. It is also used in the synthesis of coatings, adhesives, and as a plasticizer.

Other hexanediol isomers may have specialized uses. For instance, 1,2-hexanediol has found applications in cosmetics as a solvent and humectant, and in some antimicrobial formulations. The specific properties and uses of each hexanediol isomer are dictated by the relative positions of the hydroxyl groups, influencing their reactivity and physical characteristics.