heteridimeric

Heterodimeric refers to a molecule, typically a protein or a complex, composed of two different subunits. These subunits are distinct polypeptide chains, meaning they are synthesized separately and then associate to form the functional heterodimer. This contrasts with a homodimer, which is formed from two identical subunits. The different subunits in a heterodimer often have unique structures and functions that contribute to the overall properties and activity of the complex.

The formation of heterodimers is crucial in many biological processes. For instance, many enzymes function as heterodimers, where each subunit plays a specific role in catalysis or regulation. Receptor proteins on cell surfaces frequently exist as heterodimers, enabling them to bind to specific ligands and initiate signaling pathways. The interaction between the two different subunits is mediated by non-covalent forces such as hydrogen bonds, ionic interactions, and hydrophobic effects, which stabilize the assembled complex. The specific arrangement and interaction of these subunits are critical for the proper functioning and specificity of the heterodimeric molecule.