hemostasiát

Hemostasia is the physiological process that stops bleeding. It is a complex cascade involving blood vessels, platelets, and plasma proteins. When a blood vessel is injured, the first response is vasoconstriction, narrowing the vessel to reduce blood flow. This is followed by platelet aggregation, where platelets adhere to the damaged site and form a plug. Simultaneously, the coagulation cascade is activated, a series of enzymatic reactions that ultimately leads to the formation of fibrin. Fibrin forms a mesh that reinforces the platelet plug, creating a stable clot. This process prevents excessive blood loss and allows for tissue repair. Hemostasis is crucial for survival, as uncontrolled bleeding can be life-threatening. Disruptions in hemostasis can lead to either bleeding disorders, such as hemophilia, or thrombotic disorders, where inappropriate clot formation occurs.