guanozin5monofoszfát

Guanozin-5'-monofoszfát, often abbreviated as GMP, is a nucleotide monophosphate. It is a fundamental building block of nucleic acids, specifically RNA, where it pairs with cytosine. GMP is also a crucial component of guanosine triphosphate (GTP), an energy-carrying molecule vital for cellular processes. Furthermore, GMP is a precursor to cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), a secondary messenger involved in various signal transduction pathways within cells, regulating functions such as smooth muscle relaxation and neurotransmission. The enzyme guanylate cyclase is responsible for the synthesis of cGMP from GTP, and phosphodiesterases break down cGMP. In terms of its structure, GMP consists of a guanine base, a ribose sugar, and a single phosphate group. It is found in all living organisms and plays a significant role in cellular metabolism and signaling.