glükóz1foszát

Glükóz1foszát is a phosphorylated form of glucose, specifically glucose with a phosphate group attached to its first carbon atom. It is a crucial intermediate in carbohydrate metabolism. In biological systems, it plays a key role in the synthesis of glycogen, a storage polysaccharide in animals and fungi.

The formation of glucose-1-phosphate from glucose is catalyzed by the enzyme hexokinase, which phosphorylates glucose at the sixth carbon to form glucose-6-phosphate. Glucose-6-phosphate can then be isomerized to glucose-1-phosphate by the enzyme phosphoglucomutase. This conversion is essential because the anomeric carbon (carbon 1) of glucose needs to be activated for glycosidic bond formation during glycogen synthesis.

Conversely, during glycogenolysis, the breakdown of glycogen, glucose-1-phosphate is released from the glycogen chain by glycogen phosphorylase. This released glucose-1-phosphate is then typically converted back to glucose-6-phosphate by phosphoglucomutase, allowing it to enter glycolysis for energy production or be dephosphorylated to free glucose.

In addition to its role in glycogen metabolism, glucose-1-phosphate is also involved in the synthesis of other important molecules, such as UDP-glucose, which is a precursor for the synthesis of sucrose in plants and lactose in mammals. The interconversion between glucose-6-phosphate and glucose-1-phosphate is a central pathway that links glucose utilization, storage, and synthesis.