geotextilií

Geotextiles are permeable fabrics laid in proximity to soil or rock as a separation layer, filter or reinforcement. They are typically made from synthetic polymers like polyester, polypropylene, or polyethylene. The primary function of geotextiles is to improve the performance of soil structures in civil engineering applications.

There are several types of geotextiles, broadly categorized by their manufacturing process. Woven geotextiles are created by interlacing yarns in a regular pattern, resulting in high tensile strength and low elongation. Non-woven geotextiles are produced by entangling fibers or filaments, offering good filtration and drainage properties. Knitted geotextiles are formed by interloping yarns, providing elasticity and conformity.

Key applications of geotextiles include road construction, where they prevent the mixing of sub-base and subgrade layers, enhancing stability and load-bearing capacity. In erosion control, they are used to stabilize slopes and shorelines, preventing soil loss. They also play a role in drainage systems, acting as filters to prevent clogging of pipes. Additionally, geotextiles are employed in retaining walls and embankments for reinforcement, increasing their structural integrity. Their use contributes to extending the lifespan of infrastructure and reducing maintenance costs.