genitívu

Genitívu is a grammatical case, primarily found in Slavic languages, that indicates possession or origin. It is also used to express a part of a whole or to denote the absence of something. In many languages that use it, the genitive case is the default case for the object of negation and for expressing a part of a quantity.

The genitive case can be expressed through specific endings attached to nouns, pronouns, and adjectives. These endings vary depending on the gender, number, and declension class of the word. For instance, in Russian, the genitive singular ending for masculine nouns often changes from a nominative ending like -ы or -и to -а or -я, and for feminine nouns, it might change from -а or -я to -ы or -и.

Beyond possession, the genitive case serves several other grammatical functions. It can denote the object of certain prepositions, such as "of," "from," or "without." It is also frequently used after comparative adjectives and adverbs, indicating what is being compared. Furthermore, the genitive case is employed to express the lack or absence of something, functioning similarly to phrases like "without" or "no" in English. Understanding the genitive case is crucial for comprehending the grammatical structure and nuances of languages that utilize it extensively.