genitívna

Genitívna refers to the genitive case, a grammatical case used in many languages, including Slavic languages like Slovak and Czech. The genitive case typically indicates possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions and verbs. In Slovak and Czech, it is one of the seven grammatical cases.

The genitive case often answers questions like "koho?" (whose? / of whom?) or "čoho?" (of what?). For example, in Slovak, "kniha Petra" translates to "Peter's book," where "Petra" is in the genitive case. Similarly, "bez teba" means "without you," with "teba" being the genitive form of the pronoun "ty" (you).

The genitive case is also used to express absence or lack, as in "nedostatok peňazí" (lack of money), where "peňazí" is the genitive plural of "peniaze" (money). Many prepositions require the noun or pronoun following them to be in the genitive case, such as "do" (into), "z" (from), and "pri" (at/near).

The forms of nouns, pronouns, and adjectives change depending on their case, number, and gender. The genitive case has distinct endings for masculine, feminine, and neuter nouns in both singular and plural forms. Mastering these declensions is crucial for understanding and correctly using the genitive case in languages where it plays a significant role.