generous

Generous is an adjective describing a person or action that shows a readiness to give more of something, such as money, time, or resources, than is strictly necessary or expected. It can also refer to a broad, unselfish willingness to share, help, or forgive. The noun form is generosity.

Etymology: The word comes from Old French generous (14th century), from Latin generosus “noble, of a noble birth,” related to gens “race, birth.” Over time the sense broadened from noble lineage to magnanimity or liberality.

Usage: Generous is used to describe people, organizations, or acts. A generous donor makes a substantial contribution; a generous host shares abundantly; a generous friend offers time and support. It can apply to monetary giving, but also to nonmaterial forms such as attention, forgiveness, or hospitality. In some contexts, the term implies not only abundance but a positive character trait.

Related terms and distinctions: Generosity is the abstract noun; related terms include munificent, benevolent, and philanthropic, though generous is more common and versatile. The phrase generous to a fault is used when giving is excessive. Language about generosity may reflect cultural norms about expectations of sharing and social reciprocity.

See also: generosity, philanthropy, charity, kindness.