gastroenteroendokrin

Gastroenteroendokrin refers to the study and function of endocrine cells within the gastrointestinal tract. These specialized cells are scattered throughout the lining of the stomach and intestines and are responsible for producing and secreting a variety of hormones. These hormones play a crucial role in regulating numerous digestive processes, including the secretion of digestive juices, the movement of food through the digestive system, and the absorption of nutrients.

Key hormones produced by gastroenteroendocrine cells include gastrin, which stimulates the release of stomach acid, and secretin, which promotes the secretion of bicarbonate from the pancreas to neutralize stomach acid in the small intestine. Cholecystokinin (CCK) is another important hormone, stimulating gallbladder contraction and pancreatic enzyme release. Other hormones like somatostatin and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) have broader regulatory effects on digestion and blood flow within the gut.

The gastroenteroendocrine system acts as a complex communication network, allowing different parts of the digestive system to coordinate their activities in response to the presence of food. Disruptions in the function of these cells or the hormones they produce can lead to various gastrointestinal disorders. Research in this field focuses on understanding the intricate mechanisms of hormone release, their signaling pathways, and their impact on overall digestive health.