förstått

Förstått is the past participle of the Swedish verb förstå, which means to understand. It is primarily used to form perfect tenses with the auxiliary verb ha, as in har förstått (have understood) and hade förstått (had understood). The base forms of فهم are infinitive förstå, present förstår, and past förstod. The participle form förstått is used in combination with ha to express completed understanding.

In addition to its verbal use, förstått can function as a verbal adjective in certain constructions, meaning that something is understood. For example, det är förstått can be used to say that something is understood or agreed, and phrases such as det är förstått att … are common in formal or written Swedish to introduce a recognized condition or assumption. The simple past tense is förstod, as in Jag förstod vad du menade, while the present tense is förstår, as in Jag förstår svenska.

Usage and nuance: förstå is a core verb in everyday Swedish, and förstått is among the most frequently encountered past participles. It appears in both informal speech and formal writing. The form har förstått is used for present perfect statements about understanding that has occurred, while hade förstått expresses a prior understanding.

Common examples:

- Jag förstår svenska. (I understand Swedish.)

- Jag förstod vad du menade. (I understood what you meant.)

- Jag har förstått vad som krävs. (I have understood what is required.)

- Förstått! (Understood!) as a concise confirmation in dialogue.