fotófor

A fotófor is a bioluminescent organ found in some marine organisms, particularly in deep-sea fish and invertebrates. These organs are responsible for producing light through a chemical reaction involving a light-emitting molecule called luciferin and an enzyme called luciferase. The specific compounds and mechanisms can vary between species, but the general principle is the oxidation of luciferin, catalyzed by luciferase, which releases energy in the form of light.

The purpose of photophores varies greatly depending on the organism and its environment. In the deep sea, where sunlight does not penetrate, bioluminescence is a crucial adaptation. Photophores can be used for a variety of functions including attracting prey, finding mates, camouflage through counter-illumination (making the organism less visible from below by matching the faint light from the surface), or communication within a species. Some fish have photophores that can emit different colors of light, suggesting specialized roles for each color. The intensity and pattern of light emission can also be controlled by the organism, allowing for complex signaling. Research into photophores continues to reveal the diversity of light production strategies in marine ecosystems.