fotonszám

Fotonzám refers to the number of photons. A photon is a fundamental particle, the quantum of the electromagnetic field, including electromagnetic radiation such as light and radio waves. It is the basic unit of light. The concept of photon number is crucial in quantum optics and quantum information science. When light is described as a stream of particles, the "fotonzám" is simply the count of these individual particles.

In certain experiments, such as those involving single-photon detectors, it is possible to measure and even manipulate the number of photons in a given system. For instance, a light source might be engineered to emit photons one by one, allowing for precise control over the fotonzám. This control is essential for applications like quantum cryptography and quantum computing, where the precise number of photons can encode information.

The statistical distribution of fotonzám in a light source can reveal important properties about the light itself. For example, thermal light has a Poissonian distribution of photon numbers, while light emitted from a laser typically has a sub-Poissonian distribution, indicating a more deterministic number of photons. Understanding and controlling the fotonzám is a cornerstone of modern physics research.