fosforilimi
Fosforilimi is a chemical process that involves the addition of a phosphoryl group (PO3^3-) to a molecule. This process is crucial in many biological and chemical reactions. In biology, phosphorylation is a key mechanism for regulating protein activity, energy transfer, and signal transduction. Enzymes called kinases catalyze the transfer of a phosphate group, typically from adenosine triphosphate (ATP), to a substrate molecule, often an amino acid residue on a protein. This addition can alter the substrate's structure, leading to activation or deactivation of its function.
The reverse reaction, dephosphorylation, is carried out by enzymes called phosphatases, which remove the phosphate group.