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The phosphate mineral group is a classification of minerals that share a common anionic group, the phosphate ion (PO4)3-. This fundamental structural unit is present in varying arrangements within the crystal lattice of these minerals. Phosphate minerals are found in a wide range of geological environments, from igneous and metamorphic rocks to sedimentary deposits and hydrothermal veins. They are often associated with weathering processes and can be economically important as sources of phosphorus, a vital nutrient for life and a key component in fertilizers.

The diversity within the phosphate mineral group is considerable, with hundreds of known species. They are typically classified based on the ratio of phosphate ions to other cations and the way these polyhedra are linked together in their crystal structures. Common examples include apatite, a group of minerals that are a primary source of phosphorus; monazite, a rare earth phosphate often found in placer deposits; and turquoise, a hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminum prized as a gemstone. The physical properties of phosphate minerals vary greatly, ranging from soft and earthy to hard and vitreous. Their color can also be diverse, influenced by trace elements present in their structure. Due to their association with biological processes and their role in nutrient cycles, phosphate minerals are also of interest in fields such as geochemistry and paleontology.