fenüülmetüülkloriid

Fenüülmetüülkloriid, also known as benzyl chloride, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C₆H₅CH₂Cl. It is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor. Benzyl chloride is a member of the organochlorine class of compounds and is a derivative of toluene.

The compound is produced industrially through the free-radical chlorination of toluene. This process typically involves reacting toluene with chlorine gas under conditions that promote the formation of benzyl radicals, which then react with chlorine to yield benzyl chloride. Variations in reaction conditions can lead to different chlorinated products, so precise control is necessary to maximize benzyl chloride yield.

Benzyl chloride serves as a key intermediate in the synthesis of various organic chemicals. It is commonly used in the production of benzyl alcohol, benzyl esters, and benzyl ethers. These compounds find applications in industries such as perfumery, pharmaceuticals, and as plasticizers. Benzyl chloride is also employed in the synthesis of certain dyes and agrochemicals.

Due to its reactive nature, benzyl chloride is considered an irritant and a lachrymator, meaning it can cause tears. Appropriate safety precautions, including good ventilation and personal protective equipment, are necessary when handling this chemical. Its reactivity also makes it a valuable reagent in organic synthesis for introducing the benzyl group into other molecules.