extravasalem

Extravasation refers to the leakage of fluid or other substances from a blood vessel into the surrounding tissue. This process is typically a result of increased vascular permeability, where the walls of the blood vessels become more porous, allowing substances to escape into the interstitial space. Extravasation can occur due to various factors, including inflammation, injury, or the use of certain medications.

One common example of extravasation is the leakage of contrast dye during medical imaging procedures, such as computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This can lead to tissue damage and adverse reactions. Extravasation can also be a side effect of chemotherapy, where the drugs leak into surrounding tissues, causing toxicity.

The mechanisms underlying extravasation involve changes in the endothelial cells that line the blood vessels. These cells can become damaged or activated, leading to the opening of tight junctions and the formation of gaps that allow fluid and other substances to pass through. Inflammatory mediators, such as histamine and bradykinin, can also contribute to increased vascular permeability.

Extravasation can have significant clinical implications, as it can lead to tissue damage, inflammation, and other complications. Therefore, it is important to monitor and manage factors that can increase vascular permeability to minimize the risk of extravasation.