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Ethanolamine, also known as monoethanolamine (MEA), is an organic chemical compound with the formula HOCH2CH2NH2. It is a colorless, viscous liquid with an ammonia-like odor. Ethanolamine is a primary amine and a primary alcohol, meaning it contains both an amine group and a hydroxyl group. This dual functionality makes it a versatile chemical intermediate.

Ethanolamine is soluble in water and ethanol. It is produced industrially by the reaction of ethylene oxide with ammonia. It is a widely used compound in various industries. Its applications include its use as a raw material in the production of detergents, emulsifiers, and surfactants. It is also employed in the pharmaceutical industry, in the manufacturing of certain drugs and cosmetics.

In industrial processes, ethanolamine serves as a gas-treating agent, particularly for removing acidic gases like carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide from natural gas and refinery streams. This process is known as amine scrubbing. It is also used as a corrosion inhibitor in boiler systems and as a pH adjuster in various formulations. Ethanolamine and its derivatives can be found in some personal care products, acting as emulsifying agents or pH adjusters. It is important to note that while useful, ethanolamine can be irritating to skin and eyes and should be handled with appropriate safety precautions.