eotaxin1CCL11

Eotaxin1, also known as CCL11, is a small protein belonging to the CC chemokine family. Chemokines are signaling molecules that play a crucial role in the immune system, particularly in the recruitment of immune cells to sites of inflammation. Eotaxin1 is primarily involved in attracting eosinophils, a type of white blood cell that is important in fighting parasitic infections and allergic responses.

This chemokine is produced by various cells, including endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and smooth muscle cells, in response to inflammatory stimuli. Its main function is to bind to specific chemokine receptors on the surface of eosinophils, namely CCR3. This binding initiates a signaling cascade that leads to the migration of eosinophils from the bloodstream into tissues where eotaxin1 is present.

Eotaxin1 has been implicated in a range of inflammatory conditions. In allergic diseases such as asthma, elevated levels of eotaxin1 are often observed, contributing to the accumulation of eosinophils in the airways, which causes inflammation and bronchoconstriction. It also plays a role in other allergic manifestations like allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis. Beyond allergic responses, eotaxin1 has been investigated for its involvement in helminth infections and certain autoimmune diseases, though its precise roles in these contexts are still under active research.

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