enumerados

Enumerados, also known as enumerated types or enums, are a data type used in computer programming to define a collection of named values. They are particularly useful for representing a fixed set of related constants, such as days of the week, months of the year, or states in a finite state machine. Enumerated types improve code readability and maintainability by providing meaningful names to these constants, reducing the likelihood of errors associated with using raw numeric values.

In many programming languages, enumerated types are implemented as a distinct type, separate from integers. This allows the compiler to enforce type safety, ensuring that only valid values from the enum are used. For example, in C, an enum might be declared as follows:

enum Day { Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday };

Each member of the enum is assigned a unique integer value by default, starting from zero. However, these values can be explicitly set if needed. Enums can also be used in switch statements, providing a clean and efficient way to handle multiple cases based on the enum value.

Enumerated types are supported in various programming languages, including C, C++, Java, and Python. The syntax and features may vary slightly between languages, but the core concept remains the same: to define a set of named constants for improved code clarity and safety.