energiaeigenállapotnak

Energieigenállapotnak, a Hungarian term, translates to "energy eigenstate" in English and is a fundamental concept in quantum mechanics. It refers to a state of a quantum system that possesses a definite, precise energy value. When a system is in an energy eigenstate, its energy is constant and does not change over time. This is analogous to a classical system having a fixed amount of energy.

The Schrödinger equation, a cornerstone of quantum mechanics, is used to determine these energy eigenstates and their corresponding energy values, known as eigenvalues. The solutions to the time-independent Schrödinger equation yield the possible energy levels a quantum system can occupy and the wave functions that describe these states. Any measurable observable that commutes with the Hamiltonian operator of the system will have eigenstates that are also energy eigenstates.

A general quantum state can be expressed as a superposition of multiple energy eigenstates. However, when a measurement of the system's energy is performed, the system collapses into one of these specific energy eigenstates, and the measured energy will be the corresponding eigenvalue. This quantization of energy, where only specific energy values are allowed, is a direct consequence of the existence of energy eigenstates. Understanding energy eigenstates is crucial for predicting the behavior and properties of atoms, molecules, and other quantum systems.