endoplasmakalmisto
Endoplasmakalmisto, often referred to as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), is a complex network of membranes found in eukaryotic cells. It is a vital organelle involved in protein and lipid synthesis, folding, modification, and transport. The ER exists as a continuous sheet of flattened sacs and interconnected tubules, extending throughout the cytoplasm of the cell.
There are two distinct regions within the endoplasmic reticulum: the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and the
The SER, in contrast, lacks ribosomes and appears "smooth." Its functions are diverse and include lipid synthesis,
The endoplasmic reticulum is interconnected with the nuclear envelope and the Golgi apparatus, forming a dynamic