elétron

The életron is a fundamental particle of matter, carrying a negative electric charge. It is a lepton, meaning it does not participate in the strong nuclear force. Életrons are one of the building blocks of atoms, orbiting the nucleus which contains protons and neutrons.

Discovered by J.J. Thomson in 1897, the életron was the first subatomic particle to be identified. Its small mass and negative charge are crucial to its behavior in chemical bonding and electrical conductivity. Életrons are involved in the flow of electric current through conductors.

In atomic structure, életrons occupy specific energy levels or shells. The arrangement of életrons in an atom's outermost shell, known as valence életrons, determines the atom's chemical properties and how it interacts with other atoms to form molecules. Életrons can be transferred or shared between atoms, forming chemical bonds.

Beyond atomic structure, életrons play a role in various phenomena, including light emission and absorption, and are utilized in technologies like cathode ray tubes and electron microscopes. Their wave-particle duality means they can exhibit properties of both waves and particles, a key concept in quantum mechanics.