elastiiiniproteiinit

Elastiniproteiinit refer to a class of fibrous proteins that are a key component of the extracellular matrix in connective tissues. These proteins are responsible for the elasticity of tissues, allowing them to stretch and recoil. Elastin is synthesized by cells as tropoelastin, a soluble precursor protein, which is then secreted into the extracellular space. Once in the extracellular matrix, tropoelastin molecules undergo a process called cross-linking, forming insoluble elastin fibers. This cross-linking is facilitated by enzymes such as lysyl oxidase. The unique elastic properties of elastin are attributed to its amino acid composition, which is rich in glycine and proline, and the presence of desmosine and isodesmosine cross-links. These cross-links create a complex three-dimensional network that can store and release mechanical energy. Elastin is found in various tissues, including blood vessels, lungs, skin, and ligaments, where its resilience is crucial for their function. Over time and with repeated stretching, elastin fibers can degrade, contributing to age-related changes in tissue elasticity.